What data type can be used to infer the relative thermodynamic stability of isomeric organic compounds?

The relative thermodynamic stability of isomeric organic compounds can effectively be inferred from the heats of combustion. When organic compounds undergo combustion, they react with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the process. The amount of energy released corresponds to the stability of the compound: the greater the heat of combustion, the less stable the compound relative to its products. Consequently, isomers that release more heat upon combustion are generally less stable, while those that release less heat are more stable.

This approach allows for a direct comparison of the overall bond strengths and arrangements within the isomers—the more stable the isomer, the lower its heat of combustion will be compared to higher-energy isomers. Thus, by measuring the heats of combustion, you can effectively infer the relative stabilities of different isomeric structures.